TEMPORARY ADDITIONS TO TEMPORARY HOUSING: LESSONS FROM HEALTH EXPERIENCES OF COVID AVOIDANCE HOTEL RESIDENTS

COVID-19 amplified system burdens and health risks within the housing care continuum, in which older adults with chronic serious illness are disproportionately represented. We present retrospective chart review data about the health experiences of older adults with serious illness living in and moving through temporary avoidance hotels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through narratives of fourteen residents, we illustrate trends across two nine-month phases. Trends illustrate how avoidance hotels created opportunities for continuity of care, connection to services, and health-affirming relationships with place. We also identified challenges in catering to diverse medical, behavioral, and psychosocial-spiritual needs of older and seriously ill residents, as well as negative consequences to the geographic dispersion caused by de-congregating homeless shelters. Avoidance hotels present important lessons in considering future housing and healthcare intervention and implementation for older people facing homelessness while seriously ill.

Overcoming challenges through an academic-community health center collaborative to conduct cancer screening, prevention, & control among Asian Americans and sustainability initatives

The purpose of this presentation is to report accomplishments of a 3-year [5/1/2018-4/30/2021] Bristol-Meyers Squibb Foundation-funded collaboration between UC Davis and the Health and Life Organization (HALO), a Federally Qualified Health Center Look-Alike in increasing cancer screenings and cancer prevention/control behaviors among Asian Americans. HALO was selected for this study becuase it is the largest health system serving Asian Americans in Sacramento Co., CA. About one-third of their patients (9000) are Asian [primarily Hmong and other SE Asains). The hypothesis we tested was based on UC Davis's prior completed research that bilingual/bicultural Hmong lay health workers significantly increased screenings for HBV and colorectal cancer screening in randomized controlled community trials among Asians who largely had limited English proficiency. Our premise was to apply this concept to a clinical setting through HALO's bilingual/bicultural medical assistants (MAs). By comparing baseline (prior to the initiation of our funding) to 3 years of collaboration, we observed an overall 13.3% increase (surpassing our 10% goal) in cancer screenings & prevention/control behaviors. The largest percentage increases were in mammography (20.3%), colorectal cancer screening (11.6%), and Pap tests (7.9%).vaccination (2.8%). Since this was our first collaboration, much was shared through our monthly UCD-HALO leadership meetings where adjustments were made. A major adjustment was to learn that the electronic health systems used by community health centers such as HALO were not intended for reseearch purposes. While primary care provider time was less flexible, we found that MAs who reflect the HALO patient population were very receptive to training. We provided training through 10 Saturday academies, in-person and later delivered virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic. All of the topics related to the above metrics as well as other topics such as cultural competence, resources for patients, and optimizing patient workflows. Effectiveness of these academies were documented through gains in average scores from pre-tests [58%] to post-tests [84%] and qualitative feedback. Fifity-eight participants attended. More rigorous evaluation approaches to link our efforts to the impact of our work would have been preferred, but would have needed to be more resource-intensive. However, we anticipate that the equipping of MAs in new competencies and tools we provided for patients in various languages as infographics will be the bases for sustained effectiveness. Another measure of success was that this collaborative contributed to the receipt of a major Federal grant to eliminate perinatal HBV transmission through HALO. A UC Davis You-Tube style interactive modules as refresher materials and for new MAs will be another means of sustaining impact.

'Hacking an IoT Home': New opportunities for cyber security education combining remote learning with cyber-physical systems

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a dramatic shift in educational practice, whereby home-schooling and remote working became the norm. Many typical schools outreach projects to encourage uptake of learning cyber security skills therefore were put on hold, due to the inability to physical attend and inspire. In this short paper, we describe a new approach to teaching cyber security with a view of inspiring a new generation of learners to the subject. Traditional Capture-The-Flag exercises are widely used in cyber security education, whereby a series of challenges are completed to gain access and obtain a passphrase from a computer system. We couple this approach with interactive sessions made possible via video conferencing platforms such as Microsoft Teams and Zoom, along with the very nature of being in the home environment, where home IoT devices are now commonplace. We develop an integrated CTF for the home IoT environment, where students can observe the impact of submitting flags via online video, to physical adjust the home environment - ranging from switching off lights, playing music, or controlling an IoT-enabled robot. The result is a highly interactive and engaging experience that benefits from the very nature of remote working, inspiring the notion of "hacking an IoT home". © 2021 IEEE.

A systematic review of droplet and aerosol generation in dentistry.

OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to identify which dental procedures generate droplets and aerosols with subsequent contamination, and for these, characterise their pattern, spread and settle. DATA RESOURCES: Medline(OVID), Embase(OVID), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS databases were searched for eligible studies from each database's inception to May 2020 (search updated 11/08/20). Studies investigating clinical dental activities that generate aerosol using duplicate independent screening. Data extraction by one reviewer and verified by another. Risk of bias assessed through contamination measurement tool sensitivity assessment. STUDY SELECTION: A total eighty-three studies met the inclusion criteria and covered: ultrasonic scaling (USS, n = 44), highspeed air-rotor (HSAR, n = 31); oral surgery (n = 11), slow-speed handpiece (n = 4); air-water (triple) syringe (n = 4), air-polishing (n = 4), prophylaxis (n = 2) and hand-scaling (n = 2). Although no studies investigated respiratory viruses, those on bacteria, blood-splatter and aerosol showed activities using powered devices produced greatest contamination. Contamination was found for all activities, and at the furthest points studied. The operator's torso, operator's arm and patient's body were especially affected. Heterogeneity precluded inter-study comparisons but intra-study comparisons allowed construction of a proposed hierarchy of procedure contamination risk: higher (USS, HSAR, air-water syringe, air polishing, extractions using motorised handpieces); moderate (slow-speed handpieces, prophylaxis, extractions) and lower (air-water syringe [water only] and hand scaling). CONCLUSION: Gaps in evidence, low sensitivity of measures and variable quality limit conclusions around contamination for procedures. A hierarchy of contamination from procedures is proposed for challenge/verification by future research which should consider standardised methodologies to facilitate research synthesis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This manuscript addresses uncertainty around aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) in dentistry. Findings indicate a continuum of procedure-related aerosol generation rather than the common binary AGP or non-AGP perspective. The findings inform discussion around AGPs and direct future research to support knowledge and decision making around COVID-19 and dental procedures.